연습
History — 2026 캐나다 시민권 시험 연습
무료캐나다의 역사는 수천 년에 걸쳐 있습니다. 최초의 거주민인 원주민부터 프랑스와 영국의 탐험 및 정착, 1867년 연방 결성, 두 차례의 세계대전, 그리고 현대 캐나다에 이르기까지. — Discover Canada
원주민
원주민의 조상은 수천 년 전 아시아에서 이주했습니다. 퍼스트 네이션, 메티, 이누이트의 세 그룹은 유럽 탐험가가 도착하기 훨씬 전에 정착해 있었습니다. 그들의 다양한 문화는 땅과의 깊은 유대에 뿌리를 두고 있었습니다.
프랑스와 영국의 정착
자크 카르티에는 1530년대에 프랑스를 위해 영토를 주장했습니다. 사뮈엘 드 샹플랭은 1608년에 퀘벡을 건설했습니다. 프랑스와 영국은 북아메리카를 놓고 다투었으며, 1759년 아브라함 평원 전투로 프랑스의 아메리카 제국이 종식되었습니다.
연방 결성과 국가 건설
1867년 영국북아메리카법이 네 개 주를 캐나다 자치령으로 통합했습니다. 존 A. 맥도날드 경이 초대 총리가 되었습니다. 캐나다 태평양 철도가 1885년까지 동서를 연결했습니다.
두 차례의 세계대전과 현대 캐나다
캐나다는 두 차례의 세계대전에서 막대한 희생을 치렀습니다 — 비미 리지 전투(1917년)와 D-데이(1944년)가 국가 정체성을 형성했습니다. 1982년에 캐나다는 헌법을 본국으로 환수했습니다. 오늘날 캐나다는 G8 국가로서 평화, 다양성, 인권에 힘쓰고 있습니다.
주요 인물
윌프리드 로리에 경, 테리 폭스, 존 A. 맥도날드 경, 로라 세코드, 루이 리엘 등 많은 인물이 캐나다를 형성했습니다. 시험에서는 이러한 인물들이 캐나다 역사와 정체성에 기여한 바를 묻습니다.
왕당파와 이민
1776년 이후 4만 명 이상의 왕당파가 미국 독립전쟁을 피해 캐나다에 정착했습니다. 유럽, 아시아 및 전 세계에서 온 이민의 물결이 현대 캐나다를 건설했습니다. 시험에서는 다문화 유산과 다양한 공동체의 기여를 다룹니다.
History — 전체 문제 (250)
- 1. Who were the founding peoples of Canada?
- 2. What does the word 'Inuit' mean?
- 3. Who are the Métis?
- 4. What percentage of Aboriginal people are First Nations?
- 5. What is the second most-spoken language at home in Vancouver and Toronto?
- 6. Which document first guaranteed territorial rights to Aboriginal peoples?
- 7. Which king guaranteed territorial rights through the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
- 8. Which is the only officially bilingual province in Canada?
- 9. Who are called Francophones?
- 10. How many Francophones are there in Canada today?
- 11. Aboriginal peoples refers to which three distinct groups?
- 12. When did the term 'First Nations' come into use?
- 13. Who are the Acadians?
- 14. From 1755 to 1763, what happened to the Acadians during the war between Britain and France?
- 15. Where do the majority of Francophones live in Canada?
- 16. How do the majority of Canadians identify in terms of religion?
- 17. Where do First Nations people live today?
- 18. Since the 1970s, where have most immigrants to Canada come from?
- 19. When did the House of Commons recognize Québécois as a nation?
- 20. When did Ottawa formally apologize to former students of residential schools?
- 21. What Métis dialect is spoken by many Métis people?
- 22. Where do the majority of Métis people live?
- 23. Which document features 'Peace, Order and Good Government'?
- 24. What percentage of Aboriginal people are Inuit?
- 25. What values helped Canadians build a prosperous society?
- 26. Who were the first people to live in Canada?
- 27. Who were the first Europeans to reach Labrador and Newfoundland about 1,000 years ago?
- 28. What is the name of the Viking settlement in Newfoundland that is now a World Heritage site?
- 29. Who led the expedition that marked the beginning of European exploration of Canada in 1497?
- 30. Between 1534 and 1542, Jacques Cartier made three voyages across the Atlantic, claiming the land for which monarch?
- 31. Which explorer was the first to navigate the St. Lawrence River and set eyes on present-day Québec City and Montréal?
- 32. What is the origin of the name 'Canada'?
- 33. In 1604, where did French explorers Pierre de Monts and Samuel de Champlain establish the first European settlement north of Florida?
- 34. In 1608, where did Samuel de Champlain build a fortress?
- 35. What trade spread across Canada, making it important to the economy for over 300 years?
- 36. What led the French and Aboriginal people to work together in the fur trade?
- 37. Who were the men who traveled by canoe and formed alliances with First Nations?
- 38. In 1670, which company was granted exclusive trading rights over the Hudson Bay watershed?
- 39. Who fought against French settlements for over a century?
- 40. In what year did the French and the Iroquois make peace?
- 41. What was Count Frontenac's famous reply when asked to surrender Québec to the English in 1690?
- 42. Who was Pierre Le Moyne, Sieur d'Iberville?
- 43. Which two countries battled for control of North America in the 1700s?
- 44. Which battle in 1759 ended France's empire in America?
- 45. Following the Battle of the Plains of Abraham, what did Great Britain rename the French colony?
- 46. What did the Quebec Act of 1774 allow that was not permitted in Britain at that time?
- 47. The Quebec Act of 1774 restored which legal system while maintaining British criminal law?
- 48. In 1776, the 13 British colonies to the south of Quebec declared independence and formed what country?
- 49. Who were known as the 'United Empire Loyalists'?
- 50. Who led thousands of Loyalist Mohawk Indians into Canada during the American Revolution?
- 51. How many Black Loyalists, freedmen, and slaves came north to Canada during the American Revolution?
- 52. In 1792, where did some Black Nova Scotians move to establish a new colony for freed slaves?
- 53. When was the Constitutional Act passed, dividing the Province of Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada?
- 54. Who was the first Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada?
- 55. Who founded the City of York, now known as Toronto?
- 56. In 1793, who led Upper Canada to become the first province in the British Empire to move toward abolishing slavery?
- 57. When did the British Parliament abolish slavery throughout the Empire?
- 58. How did thousands of slaves escape from the United States to Canada?
- 59. Who was an anti-slavery activist and the first woman publisher in Canada?
- 60. The War of 1812 was fought between which countries?
- 61. When did the United States launch its invasion of Canada?
- 62. Who captured Detroit during the War of 1812?
- 63. In 1813, who made a dangerous 19-mile journey on foot to warn of an American attack?
- 64. By 1814, what was the result of the American attempt to conquer Canada?
- 65. Who defeated Napoleon in 1815 and played a direct role in founding Canada's capital?
- 66. What happened to the armed rebellions in 1837-38 in Montreal and Toronto?
- 67. Why did the British government send Lord Durham to Canada?
- 68. What happened to Upper and Lower Canada in 1840?
- 69. Who was a champion of French language rights and became the first head of a responsible government in Canada?
- 70. What is meant by the term 'responsible government'?
- 71. Who introduced responsible government in United Canada in 1848-49?
- 72. When was the first representative assembly in Canada elected?
- 73. Which was the first British North American colony to attain full responsible government?
- 74. What does 'Confederation' mean?
- 75. Which provinces together formed the Dominion of Canada in 1867?
- 76. On what date was the Dominion of Canada officially born?
- 77. Who was the key architect of Confederation from Quebec?
- 78. Who was Canada's first Prime Minister?
- 79. What inspired Sir Leonard Tilley to suggest the term 'Dominion of Canada'?
- 80. The British Parliament passed the British North America Act in what year?
- 81. Who is Louis Riel?
- 82. When was the Canadian Pacific Railway completed?
- 83. What did the Canadian Pacific Railway symbolize?
- 84. Who helped build the Canadian Pacific Railway?
- 85. Who became Canada's first French-Canadian Prime Minister since Confederation?
- 86. Who was the founder of the women's suffrage movement in Canada?
- 87. Which province was the first to grant voting rights to women in 1916?
- 88. In what year were most Canadian female citizens aged 21 and over granted the right to vote in federal elections?
- 89. Who became the first woman Member of Parliament in Canada?
- 90. Who worked to secure the right to vote for women in Quebec in 1940?
- 91. When did the First World War end?
- 92. How many Canadians served in the First World War out of a population of eight million?
- 93. Why is the Battle of Vimy Ridge important to Canadians?
- 94. Who composed the poem 'In Flanders Fields' in 1915?
- 95. Who was known as Canada's greatest soldier during World War I?
- 96. What nickname was given to Canadian soldiers after they captured Vimy Ridge in 1917?
- 97. What event in 1929 led to the Great Depression?
- 98. How many Canadians and Newfoundlanders served in the Second World War?
- 99. On D-Day, which beach did 15,000 Canadian troops capture from the German Army?
- 100. What proportion of Allied soldiers on D-Day were Canadian?
- 101. At the end of the Second World War, Canada had which distinction?
- 102. How many Canadians have died in all wars to date?
- 103. Who were the 'Bluebirds' during the First World War?
- 104. When did the Government of Canada apologize for the wrongs done to Japanese Canadians during wartime?
- 105. When did the Government of Canada apologize for the 'Head Tax' against Chinese workers?
- 106. What was the 'Head Tax'?
- 107. Which province joined Canada in 1949?
- 108. Which territory was created and joined Canada in 1999?
- 109. What was the name of Quebec before 1759?
- 110. Who was Sir Guy Carleton (Lord Dorchester) as Governor of Quebec?
- 111. The North West Mounted Police was established by Prime Minister Macdonald in what year?
- 112. Today, the North West Mounted Police is known as what?
- 113. Who is a famous hero from the ranks of the Mounties?
- 114. What date has Parliament recognized as Sir John A. Macdonald Day?
- 115. What levels of government were created by the Fathers of Confederation?
- 116. When did English settlement in Newfoundland begin?
- 117. When did the name 'Canada' start appearing on maps?
- 118. What did the Huron-Wendat and Iroquois do for survival?
- 119. How did West Coast natives preserve fish?
- 120. Which Aboriginal group lived off Arctic wildlife?
- 121. How did Canada's democratic institutions develop?
- 122. Which reformers from the 1837-38 rebellions later became Fathers of Confederation?
- 123. What day is celebrated as Vimy Day?
- 124. When did residential schools operate in Canada?
- 125. For centuries, Canada's economy was based mainly on what?
- 126. Who was the great-great-grandmother of Queen Elizabeth II, after whom a Canadian holiday is named?
- 127. When did King George V assign Canada's national colours of white and red?
- 128. The Montreal Stock Exchange opened in what year?
- 129. Whose face appeared on Canada's first $1 bill in 1923?
- 130. In 1805, Napoleon Bonaparte's fleet was defeated at which battle?
- 131. When did the first financial institutions open in Canada?
- 132. What made it possible for large numbers of immigrants to settle in Western Canada before 1914?
- 133. Who were the French-speaking Catholic people known as in early Canada?
- 134. What did the Constitutional Act of 1791 give to Upper and Lower Canada for the first time?
- 135. Who were primarily hunter-gatherers among the Aboriginal peoples?
- 136. Which Commonwealth country contributed the most to the Allied air effort during World War II?
- 137. When did the name 'Canada' become official in the constitutional sense?
- 138. What was the significance of the British North America Act of 1867?
- 139. What did the British Empire transform into after World War I?
- 140. Despite hardships, what bonds did Aboriginals and Europeans form during their first 200 years of coexistence?
- 141. When Europeans explored Canada, they called the native peoples 'Indians' because:
- 142. How many Canadians were killed in the First World War?
- 143. The Atlantic colonies and the two Canadas were collectively known as what?
- 144. Who were the representatives who helped create the new country of Canada called?
- 145. Two new provinces were created from the split of the Province of Canada in 1864-67. Which were they?
- 146. Who granted exclusive trading rights to the Hudson's Bay Company in 1670?
- 147. What was the primary industry that early companies in Canada competed in?
- 148. When Louis Riel seized Fort Garry, what did he demand from the government?
- 149. Before the arrival of Europeans, how did native peoples live?
- 150. When were the first companies in Canada formed?
- 151. In what year were Japanese Canadians granted the right to vote in federal elections?
- 152. What did Sir Guy Carleton do during the American Revolution?
- 153. When did Nova Scotia attain full responsible government?
- 154. What was the 'Roaring Twenties' known for?
- 155. In what period did Canada's economy and industry experience a boom?
- 156. Canada is often referred to as 'a land of immigrants.'
- 157. Who recommended that Upper and Lower Canada be merged and given responsible government?
- 158. What is the oldest continuous constitutional tradition in the world?
- 159. What makes Canada unique in North America?
- 160. Who said immigrant groups should retain their individuality and each make its contribution to the national character?
- 161. Who were the Fathers of Confederation?
- 162. What was the 'Great Upheaval'?
- 163. Where do the Inuit people live in Canada today?
- 164. Since the 1800s, the majority of Canadians were born where?
- 165. What is Canada's original constitutional document?
- 166. When was the Quiet Revolution in Quebec?
- 167. Who was John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir?
- 168. When was the Quebec Act passed?
- 169. Who was the first European to map Canada's Atlantic shore?
- 170. What was the Underground Railroad?
- 171. On which day do Canadians remember the sacrifices of veterans and fallen soldiers?
- 172. On Remembrance Day, what do Canadians wear and observe?
- 173. In 1985, what did Rick Hansen do to raise funds for spinal cord research?
- 174. The Vikings were the first Europeans to reach Canada about 1,000 years ago.
- 175. When did Europeans affect the native way of life in Canada?
- 176. What nomadic Aboriginal group followed the bison herds for food, clothing, and shelter?
- 177. What was the movement called that fought for women's right to vote?
- 178. How many Anglophones are there in Canada today?
- 179. What percentage of Aboriginal people are Métis?
- 180. When did the Anglo-Quebecers' heritage begin?
- 181. From where were Aboriginal peoples' ancestors believed to have migrated?
- 182. What are newcomers to Canada expected to embrace?
- 183. Which is one of the largest ethnic groups in Canada?
- 184. When did French colonists (Acadians) begin settling in Maritime provinces?
- 185. How is Canada viewed globally?
- 186. Poets and songwriters often describe Canada as what?
- 187. Which is the largest religious affiliation in Canada?
- 188. Who established the basic way of life in English-speaking areas of Canada?
- 189. Who was John Buchan?
- 190. Who is Marjorie Turner-Bailey?
- 191. Who was Mary Ann Shadd Cary?
- 192. Who was Chief Tecumseh?
- 193. Who was Lieutenant-Colonel John Graves Simcoe?
- 194. Who was Donovan Bailey?
- 195. Who was Brigadier James Wolfe?
- 196. Who was Lieutenant-Colonel John McCrae?
- 197. Who was Dr. Emily Stowe?
- 198. Who was Agnes Macphail?
- 199. Thousands of years ago, the ancestors of Aboriginal peoples migrated from:
- 200. The cities of the northwest, such as Edmonton, Langley, and Victoria, all started as:
- 201. When did the buying and selling of slaves become prohibited in the British Empire?
- 202. How many American invaders did Lieutenant-Colonel de Salaberry and 460 soldiers turn back at Châteauguay in 1813?
- 203. When did the Government of Canada apologize for the discriminatory Chinese Head Tax policy?
- 204. In which year was the first referendum on Quebec sovereignty defeated?
- 205. What was Canada's Navy's status at the end of World War II?
- 206. Approximately what percentage of the Allied troops who landed in Normandy on D-Day were Canadian?
- 207. Which beach did Canadian troops capture during the D-Day invasion of Normandy?
- 208. Canada suffered heavy casualties defending which place from Japanese attack in December 1941?
- 209. In which battle did the Royal Canadian Navy play a critical role against German U-boats?
- 210. The Underground Railroad was used by slaves escaping from the United States to settle in Canada.
- 211. Confederation took place on July 1, 1867.
- 212. Who was Sir Sam Steele?
- 213. Who was Pauline Johnson?
- 214. Who was Phil Edwards?
- 215. Who was Sir George-Étienne Cartier?
- 216. Who was Sir Étienne-Paschal Taché?
- 217. Who was Joseph Howe?
- 218. Which Canadian province was the first to give women the right to vote?
- 219. When were women finally granted the right to vote in provincial elections in Quebec?
- 220. In which year were most female citizens aged 21 and over granted the right to vote in federal elections?
- 221. Where did the Americans burn the Government House and Parliament Buildings in 1813?
- 222. When did La Fontaine become the first head of a responsible government in the Canadas?
- 223. In 1670, the Hudson's Bay Company competed with traders based in which city?
- 224. The French empire in North America extended from Hudson's Bay south to the:
- 225. More than 40,000 people loyal to the Crown fled the American Revolution to settle in which two colonies?
- 226. Who led thousands of Loyalist Mohawks into Canada during the American Revolution?
- 227. In 1792, some Black Nova Scotians who were given poor land moved on to establish Freetown in:
- 228. How many Canadians served in the First World War out of a population of about eight million?
- 229. From 1914 to 1920, Ottawa interned over 8,000 'enemy aliens' in 24 labour camps. These were mainly:
- 230. In 1943-44, Canadian troops helped liberate which country?
- 231. Canada welcomed 37,000 refugees from which country in 1956 after a failed uprising against Soviet tyranny?
- 232. In 1979-80, Canada welcomed over 50,000 refugees from:
- 233. In which year were Aboriginal peoples granted the right to vote in federal elections?
- 234. In which year did Japanese Canadians gain the right to vote?
- 235. Quebec experienced an era of rapid change in the 1960s known as:
- 236. When was the last Quebec referendum on sovereignty rejected?
- 237. In 1970, Canada helped found La Francophonie. What is it?
- 238. The poem 'In Flanders Fields,' often recited on Remembrance Day, was composed by:
- 239. The South African War (1899-1902) in which over 7,000 Canadians volunteered is also known as:
- 240. By the 1960s, what fraction of Canadians had origins that were neither British nor French?
- 241. What were the 'Dirty Thirties' known for?
- 242. The first representative assembly in Canada was elected in Nova Scotia in:
- 243. The British North America Act was passed by the British Parliament in:
- 244. The Métis are a distinct people of mixed Aboriginal and European ancestry.
- 245. The Acadians are descendants of French colonists who settled in the Maritime provinces in 1604.
- 246. Sir John A. Macdonald was born on January 11, 1815, in Scotland.
- 247. The Battle of Vimy Ridge took place in April 1917.
- 248. The Vikings were the first Europeans to reach Canada, about 1,000 years ago.
- 249. Upper Canada and Lower Canada are now known as Ontario and Quebec respectively.
- 250. The name 'Canada' comes from the Iroquoian word 'kanata' meaning 'village.'
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